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- If in a pious or altruistic mission, many employ themselves free or for small honoraria or like return, mainly drawn by sharing in the purpose or cause such as lawyers volunteering to run a free legal services clinic or doctors serving in their spare hours in a free medical center or ashramites working at the bidding of the Holiness, divinity or Central personality and the services are supplied free or at a nominal cost and those who serve are not engaged for remuneration or on the basis of master and servant relationship, then the institution is not an industry even if stray servants manual or technical are hired. Such eleemosynary or like undertakings alone are exempted.
- The BWS case has among others, considered the following and held them to be not be “Industry”
- Posts and Telegraphs Department
- Telecom Deptt.
- Construction and maintenance of National and State Highways
- Trade Unions
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